Selenyum Izgarası + CaptchaAI: Dağıtılmış CAPTCHA Çözümü

Selenium Grid, tarayıcı oturumlarını birden fazla makineye dağıtır. CaptchaAI ile birleştirildiğinde, düzinelerce veya yüzlerce tarayıcı örneğini paralel olarak çalıştırarak, her biri CAPTCHA'ları aynı API aracılığıyla bağımsız olarak çözerek CAPTCHA'ları geniş ölçekte çözebilirsiniz.

Bu kılavuz, yüksek verimli CAPTCHA otomasyonu için Izgara kurulumunu (Selenium 4), düğüm yapılandırmasını, CaptchaAI entegrasyonunu ve ölçeklendirme modellerini kapsar.

Mimariye Genel Bakış

┌─────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐
│  Test Script │────▶│  Grid Hub    │────▶│  Node 1      │
│  (Client)    │     │  (Router)    │     │  Chrome x 5  │
└─────────────┘     └──────────────┘     └──────────────┘
                           │              ┌──────────────┐
                           ├─────────────▶│  Node 2      │
                           │              │  Chrome x 5  │
                           │              └──────────────┘
                           │              ┌──────────────┐
                           └─────────────▶│  Node 3      │
                                          │  Chrome x 5  │
                                          └──────────────┘

All nodes share ──▶ CaptchaAI API (single API key)

Selenyum Izgara 4 Kurulumu

Docker Oluşturma

version: "3"
services:
  selenium-hub:
    image: selenium/hub:4.21.0
    container_name: selenium-hub
    ports:

      - "4442:4442"
      - "4443:4443"
      - "4444:4444"

  chrome-node-1:
    image: selenium/node-chrome:4.21.0
    depends_on:

      - selenium-hub
    environment:

      - SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST=selenium-hub
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT=4442
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT=4443
      - SE_NODE_MAX_SESSIONS=5
      - SE_NODE_OVERRIDE_MAX_SESSIONS=true

  chrome-node-2:
    image: selenium/node-chrome:4.21.0
    depends_on:

      - selenium-hub
    environment:

      - SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST=selenium-hub
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT=4442
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT=4443
      - SE_NODE_MAX_SESSIONS=5
      - SE_NODE_OVERRIDE_MAX_SESSIONS=true

  chrome-node-3:
    image: selenium/node-chrome:4.21.0
    depends_on:

      - selenium-hub
    environment:

      - SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST=selenium-hub
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT=4442
      - SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT=4443
      - SE_NODE_MAX_SESSIONS=5
      - SE_NODE_OVERRIDE_MAX_SESSIONS=true

docker-compose up -d

Şebeke için CaptchaAI İstemcisi

import requests
import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed


class GridCaptchaSolver:
    CAPTCHAAI_URL = "https://ocr.captchaai.com"

    def __init__(self, api_key, grid_url="http://localhost:4444"):
        self.api_key = api_key
        self.grid_url = grid_url

    def create_session(self):
        """Create a new browser session on the Grid."""
        options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
        options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
        options.add_argument("--window-size=1920,1080")

        driver = webdriver.Remote(
            command_executor=self.grid_url,
            options=options,
        )
        return driver

    def solve_recaptcha_v2(self, site_url, sitekey):
        """Solve reCAPTCHA v2 via CaptchaAI API."""
        # Submit
        resp = requests.post(f"{self.CAPTCHAAI_URL}/in.php", data={
            "key": self.api_key,
            "method": "userrecaptcha",
            "googlekey": sitekey,
            "pageurl": site_url,
            "json": 1,
        })
        data = resp.json()
        if data["status"] != 1:
            raise Exception(f"Submit: {data['request']}")

        task_id = data["request"]

        # Poll
        for _ in range(60):
            time.sleep(5)
            resp = requests.get(f"{self.CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php", params={
                "key": self.api_key, "action": "get",
                "id": task_id, "json": 1,
            })
            data = resp.json()
            if data["request"] == "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
                continue
            if data["status"] != 1:
                raise Exception(f"Solve: {data['request']}")
            return data["request"]

        raise Exception("Timeout")

    def solve_turnstile(self, site_url, sitekey):
        resp = requests.post(f"{self.CAPTCHAAI_URL}/in.php", data={
            "key": self.api_key, "method": "turnstile",
            "key": sitekey, "pageurl": site_url, "json": 1,
        })
        data = resp.json()
        if data["status"] != 1:
            raise Exception(f"Submit: {data['request']}")

        task_id = data["request"]
        for _ in range(60):
            time.sleep(5)
            resp = requests.get(f"{self.CAPTCHAAI_URL}/res.php", params={
                "key": self.api_key, "action": "get",
                "id": task_id, "json": 1,
            })
            data = resp.json()
            if data["request"] == "CAPCHA_NOT_READY":
                continue
            if data["status"] != 1:
                raise Exception(f"Solve: {data['request']}")
            return data["request"]

        raise Exception("Timeout")

    def process_task(self, task):
        """Process a single CAPTCHA-protected task on a Grid node."""
        driver = self.create_session()

        try:
            driver.get(task["url"])
            time.sleep(2)

            # Detect sitekey
            sitekey = task.get("sitekey")
            if not sitekey:
                sitekey = driver.execute_script(
                    "return document.querySelector('[data-sitekey]')?.getAttribute('data-sitekey')"
                )

            if not sitekey:
                return {"url": task["url"], "status": "no_captcha", "data": driver.page_source[:500]}

            # Solve
            token = self.solve_recaptcha_v2(task["url"], sitekey)

            # Inject
            driver.execute_script(f"""
                document.querySelector('#g-recaptcha-response').value = '{token}';
                document.querySelectorAll('[name="g-recaptcha-response"]').forEach(
                    el => el.value = '{token}'
                );
            """)

            # Fill form and submit
            if task.get("form_data"):
                for field, value in task["form_data"].items():
                    driver.find_element(By.NAME, field).send_keys(value)

            if task.get("submit_selector"):
                driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, task["submit_selector"]).click()
                time.sleep(3)

            return {
                "url": task["url"],
                "status": "success",
                "result_url": driver.current_url,
                "data": driver.page_source[:1000],
            }

        except Exception as e:
            return {"url": task["url"], "status": "error", "error": str(e)}

        finally:
            driver.quit()

Paralel Yürütme

def run_parallel_tasks(api_key, tasks, max_workers=10):
    """Run CAPTCHA tasks in parallel across Grid nodes."""
    solver = GridCaptchaSolver(api_key)
    results = []

    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=max_workers) as executor:
        futures = {
            executor.submit(solver.process_task, task): task
            for task in tasks
        }

        for future in as_completed(futures):
            task = futures[future]
            try:
                result = future.result(timeout=600)
                results.append(result)
                print(f"[{result['status']}] {result['url']}")
            except Exception as e:
                results.append({
                    "url": task["url"],
                    "status": "exception",
                    "error": str(e),
                })

    return results


# Usage
tasks = [
    {
        "url": "https://site-a.com/form",
        "sitekey": "6Le-wvkSAAAAAPBMRTvw0Q4Muexq9bi0DJwx_mJ-",
        "form_data": {"name": "Test User", "email": "test@example.com"},
        "submit_selector": "#submit",
    },
    {
        "url": "https://site-b.com/register",
        "sitekey": "6LdKlZEpAAAAAAOQjzC2v_mJ-",
        "form_data": {"username": "testuser"},
        "submit_selector": "button[type='submit']",
    },
    # Add more tasks...
]

results = run_parallel_tasks("YOUR_API_KEY", tasks, max_workers=15)

# Summary
success = sum(1 for r in results if r["status"] == "success")
print(f"\nCompleted: {success}/{len(results)} successful")

Şebeke Durumu İzleme

import requests

def check_grid_status(grid_url="http://localhost:4444"):
    """Check Selenium Grid status and available nodes."""
    try:
        resp = requests.get(f"{grid_url}/status")
        data = resp.json()

        nodes = data.get("value", {}).get("nodes", [])
        total_slots = 0
        available_slots = 0

        print(f"Grid Status: {data['value']['ready']}")
        print(f"Nodes: {len(nodes)}")

        for i, node in enumerate(nodes):
            slots = node.get("slots", [])
            free = sum(1 for s in slots if not s.get("session"))
            total_slots += len(slots)
            available_slots += free
            print(f"  Node {i+1}: {free}/{len(slots)} slots available")

        print(f"Total capacity: {available_slots}/{total_slots} available")
        return available_slots

    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Grid check failed: {e}")
        return 0


# Adjust workers based on grid capacity
available = check_grid_status()
optimal_workers = min(available, 20)
print(f"Optimal workers: {optimal_workers}")

Kubernetes ile Otomatik Ölçeklendirme

# selenium-grid-k8s.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: selenium-chrome-node
spec:
  replicas: 5
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: selenium-chrome
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: selenium-chrome
    spec:
      containers:

        - name: chrome
          image: selenium/node-chrome:4.21.0
          env:

            - name: SE_EVENT_BUS_HOST
              value: selenium-hub

            - name: SE_EVENT_BUS_PUBLISH_PORT
              value: "4442"

            - name: SE_EVENT_BUS_SUBSCRIBE_PORT
              value: "4443"

            - name: SE_NODE_MAX_SESSIONS
              value: "3"
          resources:
            limits:
              memory: "2Gi"
              cpu: "1"
            requests:
              memory: "1Gi"
              cpu: "500m"
---
apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: chrome-node-hpa
spec:
  scaleRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: selenium-chrome-node
  minReplicas: 2
  maxReplicas: 20
  metrics:

    - type: Resource
      resource:
        name: cpu
        target:
          type: Utilization
          averageUtilization: 70

Java Entegrasyonu

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.http.*;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

public class GridCaptchaSolver {
    private final String apiKey;
    private final String gridUrl;
    private final HttpClient httpClient;

    public GridCaptchaSolver(String apiKey, String gridUrl) {
        this.apiKey = apiKey;
        this.gridUrl = gridUrl;
        this.httpClient = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
    }

    public WebDriver createSession() throws Exception {
        ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
        options.addArguments("--no-sandbox", "--window-size=1920,1080");
        return new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(gridUrl), options);
    }

    public List<Map<String, String>> runParallel(
        List<Map<String, String>> tasks, int workers
    ) throws Exception {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(workers);
        List<Future<Map<String, String>>> futures = new ArrayList<>();

        for (Map<String, String> task : tasks) {
            futures.add(executor.submit(() -> processTask(task)));
        }

        List<Map<String, String>> results = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Future<Map<String, String>> future : futures) {
            results.add(future.get(600, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        }

        executor.shutdown();
        return results;
    }
}

Sorun giderme

SSS

Kaç eşzamanlı oturum çalıştırabilirim?

Her Grid düğümü genellikle 3-5 Chrome oturumunu yönetir. 10 düğümle 30-50 paralel oturum elde edersiniz. CaptchaAI, API tarafı eşzamanlılığını yönetir.

Oturum başına bir çözüm çalıştırmalı mıyım yoksa oturumları yeniden mi kullanmalıyım?

Yalıtım için görev başına yeni bir oturum oluşturun. Oturumları yalnızca görevler aynı alanı ve çerezleri paylaşıyorsa yeniden kullanın.

Selenium Grid 4 dinamik ölçeklendirmeyi destekliyor mu?

Evet. Kubernetes ve HPA (Yatay Kapsül Otomatik Ölçekleyici) ile düğümler, CPU kullanımına göre otomatik olarak ölçeklenir.

Grid'de tarayıcı türlerini karıştırabilir miyim?

Evet. Chrome'un yanına Firefox veya Edge düğümleri ekleyin. CaptchaAI'nin API'si tarayıcıdan bağımsızdır; yalnızca site anahtarına ve URL'ye ihtiyaç duyar.

İlgili Kılavuzlar

• Python Selenyum + CaptchaAI Kılavuzu
• Selenium Wire + CaptchaAI
• Paralel Çözüm için Node.js Çalışan Konuları

CAPTCHA çözümünü dağıtılmış tarayıcı örneklerinde ölçeklendirin -CaptchaAI anahtarınızı alınve Selenium Grid ile konuşlandırın.